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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
Time: 1:24 am
Time: 1:24 am
Results for at-risk youth (canada)
3 results foundAuthor: Corrado, Raymond R. Title: Youth At-Risk of Serious and Life-Course Offending: Risk Profiles, Trajectories, and Interventions Summary: One of the enduring criminal justice policy issues facing most democratic governments is the reduction of serious and violent offending by both youth and adults. While it is not yet evident whether there has been a reduction in the continuity of offending from adolescence into adulthood in Canada, comparative research from England overwhelmingly confirmed this continuity (Farrington, 2002). In effect, two related major crime prevention policy challenges are how to reduce the levels of adolescent and adult serious offending and how to disrupt the criminal trajectory linking child delinquency, serious adolescent criminality, and serious adult criminality. Since the 1990s, there has been a substantial increase in research confirming the importance of well known risk factors for serious and violent young offenders. In addition, there has been a concomitant increase in the evaluations of intervention programs designed to reduce risk factors. This report reviews the most recent literature that identifies the range of risk factors, the developmental patterns of risk factors, and highlights appropriate age-stage intervention approaches for youth with varying risk profiles. Part of the success of more recent interventions can be attributed to the development of more sophisticated risk assessment instruments. These instruments range from brief screenings for specific risks, such as sexual aggression, to comprehensive instruments designed to identify life-course risk factors. While the related concepts of risk and protective factors for antisocial behaviours is well established, there has been a recent emphasis toward explaining the inherently complex interaction between risk and protective factors. Another major shift in research on serious and violent youth was the emergence of bio-psychological risk factors. While much of this research remains tentative, it has very important implications for both the identification of additional and possibly critical risk factors, as well as the development of new intervention strategies that could be implemented very early on in the life-course and at later stages of development. This report is based on a review of relevant risk factors that must be taken into consideration when applying interventions to prevent, reduce, or respond to youth at risk of serious and life-course offending. Discussion of these risk factors is presented in the format of pathway models that are hypothesized to illustrate the clustering of risk factors among distinct groups of young offenders. These groups are believed to be qualitatively different from each other and while they may exhibit several similar behavioural problems, these problems are experienced differently among the different types of youth and thus must be targeted differently. The key assumption of these models is that there are various groups of young offenders who present with different “causes” of antisocial behaviour. Effective and sustained reductions of antisocial behaviour in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood require interventions that address these causal risk factors, as opposed to behavioural outcomes associated with these causes. Details: Ottawa, Canada: National Crime Prevention Centre, Public Safety Canada, 2011. 42p. Source: Research Report: 2011-02: Internet Resource: Accessed August 8, 2012 at http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/res/cp/res/_fl/2011-yar-eng.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Canada URL: http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/res/cp/res/_fl/2011-yar-eng.pdf Shelf Number: 125939 Keywords: At-Risk Youth (Canada)Criminal Careers (Canada)Juvenile Offenders (Canada)Life CoursePersistent Young Offenders (Canada) |
Author: Canada. National Crime Prevention Centre, Public Safety Canada Title: A Statistical Snapshot of Youth at Risk and Youth Offending in Canada Summary: Juvenile delinquency is a complex, multi-faceted issue. In order to devise effective prevention and intervention strategies for youth at risk, it is important to understand the context in which this behaviour occurs. Of the population of youth in Canada, the majority of them will experience normal transitions to adulthood. However, some will be exposed to adverse factors that negatively impact their psycho-social development, and which may even contribute to offending behaviour. This, in turn, may lead to their involvement with the criminal justice system. This report examines the family structure, income, employment, mental health, victimization, families-at-risk, substance use, and school dropout rates of at-risk youth in Canada. This report also examines the statistics of youth offending, including types of crime and criminal justice system involvement. Details: Ottawa, Canada: National Crime Prevention Centre (NCPC), Public Safety Canada, 2012. 20p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 5, 2012 at: http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/res/cp/res/_fl/ssyr-eng.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Canada URL: http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/res/cp/res/_fl/ssyr-eng.pdf Shelf Number: 126268 Keywords: At-Risk Youth (Canada)Crime Trends (Canada)Demographic Trends (Canada)Juvenile Offenders (Canada)Youth Offending (Canada) |
Author: Public Safety Canada. National Crime Prevention Centre Title: Results from the Stop Now and Plan (SNAP) Program Summary: Stop Now and Plan (SNAP) is a community-based program for children (under the age of twelve) who have come into contact, or are at risk of coming into contact, with the criminal justice system, and who display early signs of anti-social or aggressive behaviour. The program uses a cognitive-behavioural, multicomponent approach to decrease the risks of children engaging in future delinquent behaviour. The SNAP model is based on a comprehensive framework for effectively teaching children with serious behavioural problems, emotional regulation, self-control and problem-solving skills. Parents also learn SNAP skills, as well as cognitive behavioural parenting techniques. Children learn how to stop and think in order to find solutions to resolve their problems. Although there is evidence regarding the effectiveness of SNAP in Canadian contexts (within accredited mental health centres), further evaluation is needed to assess the impact the program has in a variety of community-based organizations across Canada. This summary provides an overview of the multi-site impact evaluation of SNAP that is being funded by the National Crime Prevention Centre (NCPC). Details: Ottawa: Public Safety Canada, 2013. 8p. Source: Evaluation Summary ES-2013-38: Internet Resource: Accessed June 12, 2014 at http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/rslts-stp-nwpln/rslts-stp-nwpln-eng.pdf Year: 2013 Country: Canada URL: http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/rslts-stp-nwpln/rslts-stp-nwpln-eng.pdf Shelf Number: 132448 Keywords: At-Risk Youth (Canada)Cognitive Behavioral SkillsCommunity-Based OrganizationsDelinquency Prevention |